{"id":377,"date":"2025-01-02T05:26:24","date_gmt":"2025-01-02T05:26:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/karyem.com.tr\/?p=377"},"modified":"2025-03-02T07:21:53","modified_gmt":"2025-03-02T07:21:53","slug":"sigir-vebasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/karyem.com.tr\/index.php\/2025\/01\/02\/sigir-vebasi\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u0131\u011f\u0131r Vebas\u0131: Tarihsel Bir Hayvan Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131, tarih boyunca s\u0131\u011f\u0131r ve manda gibi hayvanlar\u0131 etkileyen, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir viral hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkeni, Paramyxoviridae<\/strong> familyas\u0131na ait Morbillivirus<\/em> su\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu RNA yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip zars\u0131z vir\u00fcs, antijenik ve morfolojik \u00f6zellikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ruminant vebas\u0131, k\u00f6pek gen\u00e7lik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve insan k\u0131zam\u0131k vir\u00fcs\u00fc ile yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkilidir. \u00c7evresel fakt\u00f6rlere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131ks\u0131zd\u0131r ve kolayca etkisiz hale gelebilir.<\/p>\n

Tarih\u00e7esi ve T\u00fcrkiye’deki Durumu<\/strong><\/h3>\n

S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131, bilinen en eski salg\u0131nlardan biridir ve \u00f6zellikle 18. ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Avrupa\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hastal\u0131k, 1762 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa\u2019da ve di\u011fer Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde veteriner okullar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131na \u00f6nayak olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye’de ise I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, 1969\u2019da Van\u2019da yeniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, son olarak 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda tespit edilerek eradike edilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye’de bu hastal\u0131k tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hastal\u0131k \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n

S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131 her ya\u015fta s\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131 etkileyebilir ve olduk\u00e7a akut bir seyir izler. Hastal\u0131k, y\u00fcksek mortalite oran\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eker; %95-100 \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131na sahiptir. S\u0131\u011f\u0131r ve mandalar bu hastal\u0131\u011fa en duyarl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerdir. Ancak hastal\u0131k insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan tehdit etmez ve di\u011fer \u00e7iftlik hayvanlar\u0131na veya evcil hayvanlara bula\u015fmaz.<\/p>\n

Bula\u015fma Yollar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131n\u0131n temel bula\u015fma yollar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Solunum Yolu:<\/strong> Etken, solunum yoluyla al\u0131nabilir.<\/li>\n
  • Sindirim Yolu:<\/strong> Bula\u015f\u0131k yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekler yoluyla kesin olarak bula\u015fabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Etken, v\u00fccuda girdikten sonra yumu\u015fak damaktaki lenf folik\u00fcllerine yerle\u015fir. Ortalama 10-15 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir ink\u00fcbasyon s\u00fcresinin ard\u0131ndan 2-3 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren viremi d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flar. Bu d\u00f6nemde ate\u015f en belirgin semptomdur. Ate\u015fin ard\u0131ndan, ba\u011f\u0131rsaklardaki yo\u011fun villus<\/em> y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u015fiddetli diyare (ishal) meydana gelir. Vir\u00fcs daha sonra t\u00fcm lenf yumrular\u0131na yay\u0131l\u0131r ve ba\u015fta kemik ili\u011fi, \u00fcst solunum yollar\u0131 ve sindirim mukozas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerde h\u0131zla \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki lezyonlar genellikle nekrotik yap\u0131dad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Belirtiler ve Bulgular<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131n\u0131n hayvanlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan belirtileri \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • A\u011f\u0131z ve Sindirim Sistemi:<\/strong> \u00dcst ve alt damakta, di\u015f etlerinde \u00fclseratif ve nekrotik lezyonlar olu\u015fur. A\u011f\u0131zda yayg\u0131n stomatitis<\/em> ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak salya art\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu lezyonlar \u00f6zofagus ve mideye kadar ilerleyebilir.<\/li>\n
    • Ba\u011f\u0131rsak Sistemi:<\/strong> Hemorajik abomazitis<\/em> ve enteritis<\/em>, kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak mukozas\u0131nda iltihaplanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u0131vr\u0131mlarda kal\u0131nla\u015fma (Zebroid g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm<\/em>) ve nekrotik tonsillitis<\/em> dikkat \u00e7eker. Ba\u011f\u0131rsak mukozas\u0131ndaki hasar, \u015fiddetli ishalle sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    • Genel Durum:<\/strong> \u0130\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, halsizlik, y\u00fcksek ate\u015f ve h\u0131zl\u0131 kilo kayb\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131, tarih boyunca hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi tehditler olu\u015fturmu\u015f bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de eradike edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, veterinerlik alan\u0131ndaki etkili kontrol ve eradikasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucudur. Ancak benzer belirtiler g\u00f6steren hastal\u0131klar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dikkatli olunmal\u0131 ve bula\u015fma yollar\u0131 \u00f6nlenerek hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 korunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      S\u0131\u011f\u0131r Vebas\u0131: Tarihsel Bir Hayvan Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131, tarih boyunca s\u0131\u011f\u0131r ve manda gibi hayvanlar\u0131 etkileyen, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir viral hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkeni, Paramyxoviridae familyas\u0131na ait Morbillivirus su\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu RNA yap\u0131s\u0131na…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1094,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2301,2],"tags":[2110,2119,2109,2094,1022,2101,2111,2099,2115,2125,229,2129,2102,1852,2107,2124,2104,2113,2098,989,1915,2128,1889,2097,2096,2105,1991,2092,2123,2072,2095,2118,2127,2093,2122,2071,2121,2117,1990,1017,643,1989,2120,2100,965,2116,2106,2103,961,2114,2112,2108,2126],"class_list":["post-377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arsiv","category-hstk","tag-100-olum-orani","tag-agizda-ulser","tag-akut-seyir","tag-antijenik-ozellikler","tag-ates","tag-avrupa","tag-bulasma","tag-cevresel-faktorlere-duyarsiz","tag-diyare","tag-enteritis","tag-eradikasyon","tag-eradikasyon-calismalari","tag-fransa","tag-halsizlik","tag-hastalik-ozellikleri","tag-hemorajik-abomazitis","tag-i-dunya-savasi","tag-inkubasyon-suresi","tag-insan-kizamik","tag-istahsizlik","tag-kemik-iligi","tag-kilo-kaybi","tag-kontrol","tag-kopek-genclik-hastaligi","tag-kucuk-ruminant-vebasi","tag-kurtulus-savasi","tag-lenf-yumrulari","tag-manda","tag-mide","tag-morbillivirus","tag-morfolojik-ozellikler","tag-nekrotik-lezyonlar","tag-nekrotik-tonsillitis","tag-olumcul","tag-ozofagus","tag-paramyxoviridae","tag-salya-artisi","tag-sindirim-mukozasi","tag-sindirim-yolu","tag-sigir","tag-sigir-vebasi","tag-solunum-yolu","tag-stomatitis","tag-tarihce","tag-turkiye","tag-ust-solunum-yollari","tag-van","tag-veteriner-okullari","tag-viral-hastalik","tag-viremi-donemi","tag-vucuda-giris","tag-yuksek-mortalite","tag-zebroid-gorunum"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"S\u0131\u011f\u0131r vebas\u0131, tarih boyunca hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi tehditler olu\u015fturmu\u015f bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. 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